Category:PKA3
From Metabolomics.JP
Anthraquinones
Hydroxyanthraquinones are laxactive ingredients of Cassia senna (senna), Rhamnus frangula (frangula bark), and Aloe vera (aloe). They also occur in genera Rheum, Rumex, Polygonum, and family Fabaceae [1]. Their glycosidic form is pharmacologically inacitive, but is metabolized to its aglycon in the intestinal flora. For laxative drugs, the maximum daily intake is 30 mg anthraquinone glycoside.
| Species | Common Name | Sum of anthraquinones fresh (dry) |
Emodin fresh (dry) |
Chrysophanol fresh (dry) |
Physcion fresh (dry) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Latuca sativa var. capitata | Cabbage lettuce | 0.06-5.9 (1.0-174) | 0.02-0.03 (≤ 0.5) | 0.01-0.03 (≤ 0.5) | 0.03-5.8 (0.5-173) |
| Phaseolus vulgaris | Beans | 0.05-36 (0.4-342) | 0.02-0.06 (0.2-0.7) | 0.02-3.5 (0.12-33) | 0.01-32 (0.1-308) |
| Pisum sativum | Garden peas | 0.04-3.6 (0.2-21) | 0.02-0.03 (0.1-0.2) | − | 0.02-3.6 (0.1-21) |
| Vitis vinifera | Grape vine leaves | 0.4-0.8 | 0.1-0.2 | 0.1-0.2 | 0.2-0.4 |
| Elytrigia repens[3] | Couch grass root | 0.2-0.7 | 0.06-0.2 | 0.05-0.2 | 0.08-0.3 |
| Plantaginis lanceolatae | Plantain herb | 0.4-0.7 | 0.1-0.2 | 0.1-0.2 | 0.2-0.3 |
| Fagopyrum esculentum | Buckwheat |
- ↑ Thomson RH (1986) Naturally occurring Quinones III. Recent Advances Chapman & Hall
- ↑ Mueller SO, Schmitt M, Dekant W, Stopper H, Schlatter J, Schreier P, Lutz WK (1999) "Occurrence of Emodin, Chrysophanol and Physcion in Vegetables, Herbs and Liquors. Genotoxicity and Anti-genotoxicity of the Anthraquinones and of the Whole Plants" Food and Chemical Toxicology 37:481-491
- ↑ In the original literature by Mueller, this is written as "Rhizoma graminis"
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