Category:FL1C

Chalcone

The oldest known chalcone is from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), a crimson dye that has long been used in India, Egypt, Japan, and other countries. Major pigments in safflower are water-soluble Safflor yellow A, Safflomin A, Safflomin B and Safflomin C (60%). On the other hand, red Carthamin, which is water-insoluble, is only less than 1% ^[1]. The structure of Carthamin, two chalcones connected by a methine group, was identified in 1979^[2]. This is why we do not have Carthamin in this database, which collects only chalcone monomers. The same is true for Safflomin B, whose structure is a coupling of two chalcones.

Major Plant Families

The number in each family is counted as the number of genera (not species) listed in our registered references. Each reference record is accessible by clicking the link in compound pages. The taxonomy follows the APG-II classification. For details (or if the figure is broken), visit this page.

各科のカウントは種名でなく文献に記載された属名の数です。文献は代謝物ページのリンクからたどれ、分類はAPG-IIです。左の図が表示されない場合はここをクリックしてください。

Patterns of Hydroxylation

Category Names in the 3rd Class

ID	Description
FL1C18 (1 pages)	2,(3),(5),(6),2',4'-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C19 (17 pages)	(3),(5),2',4'-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C1A (82 pages)	Isoliquiritigenin and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C1C (17 pages)	Butein and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C1G (1 pages)	Robtein and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C1L (10 pages)	2,(3),4,(5),(6),2',4'-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C28 (5 pages)	2,(3),(5),(6),2',4',5'-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C29 (3 pages)	(3),(5),2',4',5'-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C2A (3 pages)	4,2',4',5'-Tetrahydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C2C (5 pages)	Neoplathymenin and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C39 (1 pages)	(3),(5),2',3',4'-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C3A (9 pages)	4,2',3',4'-Tetrahydroxychalcone and O-Methyl derivatives
FL1C3C (30 pages)	Okanin and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C98 (2 pages)	2,(3),(5),(6),(2'),(3'),(5'),(6')-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C99 (3 pages)	4'-Desoxychalcone (2,4-Desoxy) and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C9A (6 pages)	4,(2'),(3'),(5'),(6')-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C9C (2 pages)	3,4,(2'),(3'),(5'),(6')-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1C9G (1 pages)	3,4,5,(2'),(3'),(5'),(6')-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1CA8 (8 pages)	2,(3),(5),(6),2',4',6'-Hydroxychalcone
FL1CA9 (40 pages)	(3),(5),2',4',6'-Hydroxychalcone
FL1CAA (18 pages)	Naringenin chalcone
FL1CAB (1 pages)	2',4',6'-Trihydroxy-4-methoxychalcone
FL1CAC (6 pages)	3,4,2',4',6'-Pentahydroxychalcone
FL1CAD (3 pages)	4,2',4',6'-Tetrahydroxy-3-methoxychalcone
FL1CAE (3 pages)	3,2',4',6'-Tetrahydroxy-4-methoxychalcone
FL1CAF (1 pages)	2',4',6'-Trihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxychalcone
FL1CAG (1 pages)	3,4,5,2',4',6'-Hexahydroxychalcone
FL1CAL (8 pages)	2,4,2',4',6'-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1CBA (14 pages)	Helichrysetin
FL1CBB (1 pages)	4',6'-Dihydroxy-4,2'-methoxychalcone
FL1CBC (1 pages)	3,4,4',6'-Tetrahydroxy-2'-methoxychalcone
FL1CBE (1 pages)	3,4',6'-Trihydroxy-4,2'-dimethoxychalcone
FL1CBF (1 pages)	4',6'-Dihydroxy-3,4,2'-trimethoxychalcone
FL1CCA (4 pages)	Neosakuranetin
FL1CCB (3 pages)	Gymnogrammene
FL1CCD (1 pages)	4,2',6'-Trihydroxy-3,4'-dimethoxychalcone
FL1CCF (1 pages)	2',6'-Dihydroxy-3,4,4'-trimethoxychalcone
FL1CDA (6 pages)	Naringenin chalcone O-methyl derivatives (4-Hydroxy, without FL1CBA, FL1CCA)
FL1CDB (2 pages)	Naringenin chalcone O-methyl derivatives (4-Methoxy, without FL1CAB, FL1CBB, FL1CCB)
FL1CDC (3 pages)	3,4,2',4',6'-Pentahydroxychalcone O-methyl derivatives (3,4-Hydroxy, without FL1CBC)
FL1CDD (1 pages)	3,4,2',4',6'-Pentahydroxychalcone O-methyl derivatives (4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy, without FL1CAD, FL1CCD)
FL1CDE (1 pages)	3,4,2',4',6'-Pentahydroxychalcone O-methyl derivatives (3-Hydroxy-4-methoxy, without FL1CAE)
FL1CDF (1 pages)	3,4,2',4',6'-Pentahydroxychalcone O-methyl derivatives (3,4-Methoxy, without FL1CAF)
FL1CDK (1 pages)	3,4,5,2',4',6'-Hexahydroxychalcone O-methylderivatives (Without FL1CAH-FL1CAK, FL1CBG-FL1CBK, FL1CCG-FL1CCK, FL1CDG-FL1CDL)
FL1CE8 (1 pages)	2,(3),(5),(6),2',3',4',6'-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1CE9 (12 pages)	(3),(5),2',3',4',6'-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1CEA (4 pages)	4,2',3',4',6'-Pentahydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1CEC (4 pages)	3,4,2',3',4',6'-Hexahydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1CEL (5 pages)	2,(3),4,(5),(6),2',3',4',6'-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1CG9 (8 pages)	(3),(5),2',3',4',5',6'-Hydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1CGA (2 pages)	4,2',3',4',5',6'-Hexahydroxychalcone and O-methyl derivatives
FL1CHX (2 pages)	alpha-Hydroxychalcone
FL1CHY (37 pages)	beta-Hydroxychalcone
FL1CPT (2 pages)	Peltogynoid chalcone
FL1CQU (15 pages)	Quinochalcone
FL1CRT (15 pages)	Retrochalcone
FL1CUN (4 pages)	Unusual core chalcone

The 5th and 6th digits of our flavonoid ID indicates the hydroxylation patterns of A-ring and B-ring (See the upper-right figure. The leftmost ring is A, rightmost is B), respectively. The following chart is spanned by these 2 digits. R indicates H or CH₃, and R' indicates H or R. Numbers are IUPAC positions. The value in each cell (such as GS: glycosilation only) corresponds to the 7th and 8th digits, which is explained at the bottom of this page.

Details of the 3rd Class: Hydroxylation pattern of A and B rings (5th and 6th digits)
Position of -OH (-OCH₃) groups 6th digit → 5th digit ↓		A (148 pages)	B (7 pages)	C (68 pages)	D (5 pages)	E (5 pages)	F (4 pages)	G (3 pages)	K (1 pages)	L (23 pages)	8 (17 pages)	9 (84 pages)
Position of -OH (-OCH₃) groups 6th digit → 5th digit ↓
	A (89 pages)	GS (9 pages) NI (2 pages) NN (1 pages) NP (5 pages) NS (1 pages)	NS (1 pages)	GS (2 pages) NN (1 pages) NP (1 pages) NR (1 pages) NS (1 pages)	GS (1 pages) NI (1 pages) NS (1 pages)	NI (2 pages) NR (1 pages)	NR (1 pages)	GS (1 pages)		GS (1 pages) NI (3 pages) NS (4 pages)	GS (1 pages) NI (1 pages) NP (3 pages) NS (3 pages)	NC (1 pages) NF (5 pages) NI (8 pages) NM (6 pages) NN (1 pages) NP (12 pages) NR (3 pages) NS (4 pages)
	B (18 pages)	GS (4 pages) NC (2 pages) NI (3 pages) NP (3 pages) NS (2 pages)	NP (1 pages)	NP (1 pages)		GS (1 pages)	NP (1 pages)
	C (9 pages)	GS (1 pages) NI (1 pages) NP (1 pages) NS (1 pages)	NP (1 pages) NS (2 pages)		NS (1 pages)		NP (1 pages)
	D (15 pages)	GS (3 pages) NI (1 pages) NS (2 pages)	NS (2 pages)	NI (1 pages) NS (2 pages)	GS (1 pages)	NS (1 pages)	NS (1 pages)		NS (1 pages)
	E (26 pages)	NS (4 pages)		NS (4 pages)						NS (5 pages)	NS (1 pages)	NC (1 pages) NI (3 pages) NP (1 pages) NS (7 pages)
	F (0 pages)
	G (10 pages)	NS (2 pages)										NI (3 pages) NS (5 pages)
	1 (128 pages)	CS (1 pages) GS (11 pages) ND (2 pages) NF (5 pages) NI (34 pages) NM (2 pages) NN (2 pages) NP (20 pages) NS (5 pages)		GS (4 pages) NF (1 pages) NI (2 pages) NP (3 pages) NS (7 pages)				NS (1 pages)		NI (7 pages) NP (2 pages) NS (1 pages)	NP (1 pages)	NF (5 pages) NI (4 pages) NP (5 pages) NS (3 pages)
	2 (16 pages)	NP (3 pages)		GS (1 pages) NF (1 pages) NP (1 pages) NS (2 pages)							NI (2 pages) NP (3 pages)	NP (2 pages) NS (1 pages)
	3 (40 pages)	GS (5 pages) NS (4 pages)		GS (26 pages) NS (4 pages)								NS (1 pages)
	4 (0 pages)
	9 (14 pages)	GS (2 pages) NP (1 pages) NS (3 pages)		GS (1 pages) NS (1 pages)				NS (1 pages)			NI (1 pages) NS (1 pages)	GS (1 pages) NS (2 pages)

Abbreviations used in the above chart

First Characters

N not glycosylated; G O-glycoside; C C-glycoside; D both glycosides;

Second Characters

S not modified; M alkylated; I prenylated; R cyclic-prenylated; F furanoFL; P pyranoFL; D furano and pyranoFL; N phenylpropanoid; C others;

Special Second Character only for Anthycyanin (FL7)

A Galactosylated; L Glucosylated; O modified with other sugars;

Other Unusual Patterns

These types are not classified in the above chart.

Quinone	QU (15 pages)	alpha-Hydroxy	HX (2 pages)	beta-Hydroxy	HY (37 pages)	Peltogynoid	PT (2 pages)
Retrocalchone	RT (15 pages)	Dehydro-backbone	WX (0 pages)	Additional rings	RN (0 pages)	Others	UN (4 pages)
Pyranoanthocyanin (FL7 only)			RX (0 pages)

Patterns of Glycosylation

The 7th and 8th digits of the flavonoid ID indicates the glycosylation, and other modification patterns, respectively. The following chart is spanned by these 2 digits. The value in each cell (such as AA for the standard form) corresponds to the 5th and 6th digits.

Details of the 4th Class: Glycosylation patterns (7th and 8th digits)
7th digit → 8th digit ↓		No glycosylation N (355 pages)	O-glycoside G (81 pages)	C-glycoside C (4 pages)	O- & C-glycoside D (0 pages)
no modification	S (204 pages)	19 (3 pages) 1A (5 pages) 1C (7 pages) 1G (1 pages) 1L (1 pages) 29 (1 pages) 2C (2 pages) 39 (1 pages) 3A (4 pages) 3C (4 pages) 98 (1 pages) 99 (2 pages) 9A (3 pages) 9C (1 pages) 9G (1 pages) A8 (3 pages) A9 (4 pages) AA (1 pages) AB (1 pages) AC (1 pages) AD (1 pages) AL (4 pages) BA (2 pages) CA (1 pages) CB (2 pages) CD (1 pages) DA (2 pages) DB (2 pages) DC (2 pages) DE (1 pages) DF (1 pages) DK (1 pages) E8 (1 pages) E9 (7 pages) EA (4 pages) EC (4 pages) EL (5 pages) G9 (5 pages) GA (2 pages) HX (1 pages) HY (10 pages) PT (2 pages) QU (3 pages) RT (6 pages) UN (4 pages)	1A (11 pages) 1C (4 pages) 2C (1 pages) 3A (5 pages) 3C (26 pages) 99 (1 pages) 9A (2 pages) 9C (1 pages) A8 (1 pages) AA (9 pages) AC (2 pages) AD (1 pages) AG (1 pages) AL (1 pages) BA (4 pages) BE (1 pages) CA (1 pages) DA (3 pages) DD (1 pages) HX (1 pages) HY (3 pages) QU (1 pages)	1A (1 pages) QU (1 pages)
alkylated	M (17 pages)	1A (2 pages) A9 (6 pages) HY (3 pages) QU (5 pages) RT (1 pages)
prenylated	I (0 pages)	19 (4 pages) 1A (34 pages) 1C (2 pages) 1L (7 pages) 28 (2 pages) 98 (1 pages) A8 (1 pages) A9 (8 pages) AA (2 pages) AD (1 pages) AE (2 pages) AL (3 pages) BA (3 pages) CA (1 pages) DA (1 pages) DC (1 pages) E9 (3 pages) G9 (3 pages) HY (7 pages) QU (2 pages) RT (4 pages)
cyclic prenylated	R (0 pages)	A9 (3 pages) AC (1 pages) AE (1 pages) AF (1 pages)
furano FL	F (22 pages)	19 (5 pages) 1A (5 pages) 1C (1 pages) 2C (1 pages) A9 (5 pages) HY (4 pages) RT (1 pages)
pyrano FL	P (85 pages)	18 (1 pages) 19 (5 pages) 1A (20 pages) 1C (3 pages) 1L (2 pages) 28 (3 pages) 29 (2 pages) 2A (3 pages) 2C (1 pages) 9A (1 pages) A8 (3 pages) A9 (12 pages) AA (5 pages) AC (1 pages) BA (3 pages) BB (1 pages) BC (1 pages) BF (1 pages) CA (1 pages) CB (1 pages) CF (1 pages) E9 (1 pages) HY (10 pages) RT (3 pages)
furano & pyrano FL	D (2 pages)	1A (2 pages)
prenylpropanoid	N (6 pages)	1A (2 pages) A9 (1 pages) AA (1 pages) AC (1 pages)		QU (1 pages)
others	C (6 pages)	A9 (1 pages) BA (2 pages) E9 (1 pages) QU (1 pages)		QU (1 pages)
3-Gal related	A	N.A.		N.A.	N.A.
3-Glc related	L	N.A.		N.A.	N.A.
other sugar at 3	O	N.A.		N.A.	N.A.

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[1]

[2]

Category:FL1C

Contents

Carthamin (カルタミン)

Major Plant Families

Patterns of Hydroxylation

Other Unusual Patterns

Patterns of Glycosylation

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