Species:Medicago

General Index

Orders

Families

Image Links

Edibility

English Common Names: Alfalfa
Japanese Common Names: ウマゴヤシ, アルファルファ, ムラサキウマゴヤシ

Scientific Classification (based on APG-II and Taxonomicon)
division Jpn. 門	Tracheophyta 維管束植物門
class Jpn. 綱	Magnoliopsida モクレン綱
subclass Jpn. 亜綱	Rosidae バラ亜綱
order Jpn. 目	Fabales マメ目
suborder Jpn. 亜目	[[:Category:|]]
infraorder Jpn. 下目	[[:Category:|]]
parvorder Jpn. 小目	[[:Category:|]]
superfamily Jpn. 上科	[[:Category:|]]
family Jpn. 科	Fabaceae マメ科
subfamily Jpn. 亜科	Papilionoideae
tribe Jpn. 族	Trifolieae
subtribe Jpn. 亜族	[[:Category:|]]
genus Jpn. 属	Medicago

Information

Flavonoid

Species-Flavonoid Relationship Reported

Species ID Metabolite Name Reference Medicago sativa FL5FAAGS0015 Kaempferol 7-rhamnoside Asen 1962 Medicago sativa FLIE1LNS0002 3,7-Dihydroxy-9-methoxycoumestan Bickoff_EM et al. 1964 Medicago sativa FLIE1ANS0002 4'-O-Methylcoumestrol Bickoff_EM et al. 1965 Medicago spp. FLIE1ANS0002 4'-O-Methylcoumestrol Bickoff_EM et al. 1965 Medicago sativa FLIE1CNS0002 3'-Methoxycoumestrol Bickoff_EM et al. 1966 Medicago spp. FLIE1CNS0002 3'-Methoxycoumestrol Bickoff_EM et al. 1966 Medicago sativa FLIE1LNS0003 3-Hydroxy-7,9-dimethoxycoumestan Biggs_DR et al. 1980 Medicago sativa FLIE1CNS0004 3-Hydroxy-8,9-dimethoxycoumestan Biggs_R 1975 Medicago arborea FL5FAHGL0003 Laricitrin 3,5'-diglucoside Burda_S et al. 1988 Medicago arborea FL5FAHGL0005 Laricitrin 3,7,5'-triglucoside Burda_S et al. 1988 Medicago lupulina FL5FAHGL0003 Laricitrin 3,5'-diglucoside Burda_S et al. 1988 Medicago lupulina FL5FAHGL0005 Laricitrin 3,7,5'-triglucoside Burda_S et al. 1988 Medicago lupulina FL5FAHGS0003 Laricitrin 5'-glucoside Burda_S et al. 1988 Medicago lupulina FL5FAHGS0003 Laricitrin 5'-glucoside Cui_BL et al. 1989 Medicago sativa FLIB1LNS0004 Sativanone Donnelly_DM et al. 1973 Medicago polymorpha FL5FAAGL0015 Kaempferol 3,7-diglucoside Egger 1961 Medicago radiata FL5FAAGL0015 Kaempferol 3,7-diglucoside Egger 1961 Medicago sativa FLIE1CNS0002 3'-Methoxycoumestrol Francis_CM et al. 1971 Medicago sativa FLIE1ANS0002 4'-O-Methylcoumestrol Francis_CM et al. 1971 Medicago spp. FLIE1CNS0002 3'-Methoxycoumestrol Francis_CM et al. 1971 Medicago spp. FLIE1ANS0002 4'-O-Methylcoumestrol Francis_CM et al. 1971 Medicago x varia FL3FBDNS0001 Chrysoeriol 5-methyl ether Gehring_E 1980 Medicago x varia FL5FBDNS0001 Quercetin 5,3'-dimethyl ether Gehring_E 1980 Medicago sativa FL5FAAGS0015 Kaempferol 7-rhamnoside Geiger_H et al. 1978 Medicago sativa FL5FAAGS0016 Kaempferol 7-glucuronide Harborne_JB 1965 Medicago sativa FL3FAIGS0006 Tricin 7-glucuronide Harborne_JB et al. 1964 Medicago arborea FL5FAGGL0001 Myricetin 3-glucoside Harborne_JB et al. 1961 Medicago rugosa FLIC1LNS0007 Isosativan Ingham_JL 1978 Medicago scutellata FLIC1LNS0007 Isosativan Ingham_JL 1978 Medicago lupulina FL2F1ANS0001 Liquiritigenin Ingham_JL 1979 Medicago sativa FL2F1ANS0001 Liquiritigenin Ingham_JL 1979 Medicago sativa FLIB1LNS0004 Sativanone Ingham_JL 1979 Medicago spp. FLIC1LNS0002 (-) -Sativan Ingham_JL 1979 Medicago spp. FLID1ANS0001 (-) -Medicarpin Ingham_JL 1979 Medicago rugosa FLIB1LNS0006 Isosativanone Ingham_JL 1982 Medicago rugosa FLIB1LNS0002 Vestitone Ingham_JL 1982 Medicago rugosa FLIC1LNS0007 Isosativan Ingham_JL 1976 Medicago scutellata FLIC1LNS0007 Isosativan Ingham_JL 1976 Medicago sativa FLIE2ANS0001 Lucernol Kalra_VK et al. 1967 Medicago sativa FLIA2AGS0006 Afrormosin 7-O- (6"-malonylglucoside) Kessmann_H et al. 1990 Medicago sativa FLIA2AGS0004 Afrormosin 7-O-glucoside Kessmann_H et al. 1990 Medicago sativa FLID1AGS0002 Medicarpin 3-O- (6'-malonylglucoside) Kessmann_H et al. 1990 Medicago sativa FLID1AGS0001 Medicarpin 3-O-glucoside Kessmann_H et al. 1990 Medicago sativa FLIA2ANS0006 Alfalone Kobayashi_A et al. 1988 Medicago sativa FLIE1AGS0001 Coumestrin Le-Van_N 1984 Medicago sativa FLIE1LNS0002 3,7-Dihydroxy-9-methoxycoumestan Livingston_AL et al. 1964 Medicago sativa FLIE1CNS0001 3-Hydroxy-8,9-methylenedioxycoumestan Livingston_AL et al. 1965 Medicago sativa FL3F1ANS0001 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone Maurya_R et al. 1984 Medicago sativa FL3F1ANS0001 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone Maxwell_CA et al. 1989 Medicago spp. FLIE1ANS0001 Coumestrol Millington_AJ et al. 1964 Medicago sativa FLIE1AGS0001 Coumestrin Olah_AF et al. 1971 Medicago sativa FLIE3ANS0001 4,9-Dihydroxy-3-methoxycoumestan Olah_AF et al. 1971 Medicago sativa FLIE1CNS0004 3-Hydroxy-8,9-dimethoxycoumestan Olah_AF et al. 1971 Medicago arborea FL5FAHNS0001 Laricitrin Parker_WH et al. 1975 Medicago spp. FL1C1ANS0001 Isoliquiritigenin Roux_DG et al. 1962 Medicago sativa FLID1AGS0001 Medicarpin 3-O-glucoside Sakagami_Y et al. 1974 Medicago radiata FL5F1CGL0002 Fisetin 3,7-diglucoside Saleh_NA et al. 1982 Medicago spp. FL1C1ANS0001 Isoliquiritigenin Sawhney_PL._Seshadri_TR 1956 Medicago sativa FLIA2AGS0004 Afrormosin 7-O-glucoside Shibata_S et al. 1963 Medicago sp. FL2F1ANS0001 Liquiritigenin Shinoda 1934 Medicago spp. FLID1ANS0001 (-) -Medicarpin Smith_DG et al. 1971 Medicago arborea FL5FAGGL0001 Myricetin 3-glucoside Sotnikova_OM et al. 1968 Medicago sativa FLIE2ANS0001 Lucernol Spencer_RR et al. 1966 Medicago sativa FLIE3ANS0001 4,9-Dihydroxy-3-methoxycoumestan Spencer_RR et al. 1966 Medicago sativa FLIE1CNS0004 3-Hydroxy-8,9-dimethoxycoumestan Spencer_RR et al. 1966 Medicago sativa FL3FAAGS0062 Apigenin 7-Glucosyl- (1->2) -glucuronide-4'-glucuronide Stochmal_A et al. 2001 Medicago sativa FL3FAAGS0072 Apigenin 7-Glucuronosyl- (1->3) - [ 2"-p-coumaroylglucuronosyl) - (1->2) -glucuronide ] Stochmal_A et al. 2001 Medicago sativa FL3FACGS0085 Luteorin 7- (2"-feruloylglucuronosyl) - (1->2) -glucuronide-4'-glucuronide Stochmal_A et al. 2001 Medicago sativa FL3FADGS0024 Chrysoeriol 7,4'-diglucuronide Stochmal_A et al. 2001 Medicago sativa FL3FADGS0027 Chrysoeriol 7- (2"'-feruloylglucuronosyl) - (1->2) -glucuronide Stochmal_A et al. 2001 Medicago sativa FL3FAHGS0003 2- (3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl) -5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-7-yl beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid Stochmal_A et al. 2001 Medicago sativa FL3FAIGS0013 Tricin 7- (2"-p-coumaroylglucuronosyl) (1->2) -glucuronide Stochmal_A et al. 2001 Medicago sativa FL3FAAGS0071 Apigenin 4'- (2"-feruloylglucuronosyl) - (1->2) -glucuronide Stochmal_A et al. 2001 Medicago sativa FL3FAAGS0073 Apigenin 7-glucuronide-4'- (2"'-E-p-coumaroylglucuronosyl) - (1->2) -glucuronide Stochmal_A et al. 2001 Medicago arborea FL5FAHGL0003 Laricitrin 3,5'-diglucoside Torck_M et al. 1983 Medicago arborea FL5FAHGL0005 Laricitrin 3,7,5'-triglucoside Torck_M et al. 1983 Medicago lupulina FL5FAHGL0003 Laricitrin 3,5'-diglucoside Torck_M et al. 1983 Medicago lupulina FL5FAHGL0005 Laricitrin 3,7,5'-triglucoside Torck_M et al. 1983 Medicago polymorpha FL5FAAGL0015 Kaempferol 3,7-diglucoside Vermes_B et al. 1976 Medicago radiata FL5FAAGL0015 Kaempferol 3,7-diglucoside Vermes_B et al. 1976 Medicago sativa FL3F1CNS0001 7,3',4'-Trihydroxyflavone Williams_CA et al. 1975 Medicago sativa FL7AAHGL0005 Petunin Willstaetter_R et al. 1917 Medicago sativa FL7AAIGO0001 Malvin Willstaetter_R et al. 1915 Medicago sativa FL7AAGGL0007 Delphin Willstaetter_R et al. 1915 Medicago rugosa FLIB1LNS0002 Vestitone Woodward_MD 1981 Medicago sativa FLIE1CNS0001 3-Hydroxy-8,9-methylenedioxycoumestan Zilg_H et al. 1969

Cytochrome P450

'A' indicates CYP families in Arabidopsis. CYP51 ^A  CYP701 ^A  CYP703 ^A  CYP704 ^A  CYP706 ^A  CYP707 ^A  CYP709 ^A  CYP71 ^A  CYP710 ^A  CYP711 ^A  CYP712 ^A  CYP714 ^A  CYP715 ^A  CYP716 ^A  CYP718  CYP72 ^A  CYP720 ^A  CYP721 ^A  CYP722 ^A  CYP729  CYP73 ^A  CYP734 ^A  CYP735 ^A  CYP736  CYP74 ^A  CYP76 ^A  CYP77 ^A  CYP78 ^A  CYP79 ^A  CYP81 ^A  CYP82 ^A  CYP83 ^A  CYP84 ^A  CYP85 ^A  CYP86 ^A  CYP87 ^A  CYP88 ^A  CYP89 ^A  CYP90 ^A  CYP92  CYP93 ^A  CYP94 ^A  CYP96 ^A  CYP97 ^A  CYP98 ^A  

English Codex Vegetabilis (1957)

Medicago sativa (and other species)  

Edibility, Medicinal Usage (食品,薬品用途)

For comprehensive information, visit Medicago page. All genera with edibility information is here. (BY Shigehiko Kanaya)

Medicago polymorpha

「大和草本」（貝原益軒）で「ゴゼ菜」と植物として、「賎民飯に加えて食す」と記述している。 出典：大場秀章、サラダ野菜の植物史、新潮選書(2004)

Medicago sativa

中国では、アルファルファの種子は、モロコシの種子に似ているということから飯として炊く。もやしの原料。蛋白質含量が高い。ビタミンB1、B2や鉄分などのミネラルが豊富。発芽するときにビタミンCが急増する。 [原産]小アジアから中央アジアにかけての原産。古代エジプトやペルシアを経由して、紀元前5世紀にはヨーロッパに伝わり、19世紀にアメリカに導入された。 出典：大場秀章、サラダ野菜の植物史、新潮選書(2004)

Family/Genus Description

For comprehensive information, visit Medicago page. (BY Shigeharu Okamoto)

• Medicago L.

マメ科 【属名】メディカゴ;ウマゴヤシ属 medic; medick; alfalfa; maglisse 地中海沿岸地方・西アジア・アフリカの北部や西部に約100種が分布する。一年草または多年草。

• Medicago arborea

マメ科 ツリー・メディック tree medick; moon trefoil 常緑低木。葉は暗緑色で3小葉からなる。春～晩夏に、小さな黄色い蝶形花が房になって咲く。

• Medicago lupulina;Medicago cupaniana

マメ科 コメツブウマゴヤシ black medick; shamrock; hop clover 地を這って拡がる一年草。葉は互生し3出複葉。葉腋から細い花茎を伸ばし、黄色の微小な蝶形花を密集してつける。

• Medicago orbicularis;Medicago cuneata; Medicago marginata; Medicago polymorpha var.orbicularis

マメ科 ウズマキウマゴヤシ button medick; blackdisk medick 一年草。葉は3出複葉で鋸歯がある。花は黄色で長さ2～5mm。果実はらせん形に4～6回ねじれる。花期は2～6月。

• Medicago polymorpha;Medicago hispida

マメ科 ウマゴヤシ burclover; toothed medick 一・二年草。牧草や緑肥にされるが、日本に帰化もしている。

• Medicago sativa;Medicago caerulea var.pauciflora; Medicago karatschaica; Medicago lavrenkoi; Medicago pauciflora

マメ科 ムラサキウマゴヤシ;アルファルファ;ルーサン alfalfa; lucerne; purple medic; buffalo herb 多年草。古くから馬の飼料にされている。種子はモロコシの実のようで、中国では飯に炊き、酒も醸す。モヤシにして食用にされる。

• Medicago sativa ssp.falcata

マメ科 シックルメディック sickle medick 多年草。地を這って拡がる多年草。葉は互生し3出複葉。葉腋から出る花茎に黄色の小さな花をつける。

Links

Images

• TAMU's Vascular Plant Image Library

• Image Gallery (T.Schoepke) Fabaceae

• 植物園 Medicago savita アルファルファ、ムラサキウマゴヤシ（紫馬肥し）
• 植物園 Medicago lupulina コメツブウマゴヤシ（米粒馬肥やし）

• NAGY版植物図鑑 medicago ウマゴヤシ属

• 跡見群芳譜 Medicago hispida ウマゴヤシ
• 跡見群芳譜 Medicago polymorpha ウマゴヤシ
• 跡見群芳譜 Medicago ウマゴヤシ属
• 跡見群芳譜 Medicago minima コウマゴヤシ
• 跡見群芳譜 Medicago sativa ムラサキウマゴヤシ

Trivia

• 植物学リソース Fabaceae マメ科